پژوهش نامه مدیریت تحول
پیاپی 1 (بهار و تابستان 1388)

Forming a Climate of trust in organizations is vital for today business environment. In creating such climate, the role of human resource managers is of great importance. Therefore, identifying how HR Strategies and practices affect forming mutual trust in organizations can help HR managers to do their roles effectively. This research studies the effect of human resource development practices including four main practices in the context: Training, competencies development, information sharing, and empowerment that are thought to be the main sources of trust between employees and their managers. Data analysis was conducted using regression and path analysis for data from 138 respondents in IDP Co. This research presents the framework that shows how these practices affect manager-employees trust in organizations. The results show that competencies development, empowerment, and information sharing have a positive significant effect on trust between managers and employees. However, the effect of training is indirect; while competency development plays a mediator role between training and trust.

Resource constrained project scheduling (RCPS) is a NP-hard optimization problem. One approach to solve this problem is to use priority rule based methods. In this paper we implement eleven most widely used priority rules in parallel and in serial. Using 120 standard test problems each containing from 30 to 120 activities, we compared the performance of serial and parallel implementations of priority rules in solving RCPS problems yielding shorter project make spans. The results showed that the parallel implementation of priority rules gives more efficient results. Furthermore, to benefit from the parallel implementation of priority rules, it is only necessary to combine up to three arbitrary priority rules.

High reputation of National Iran Oil Product Distribution Co. (N.I.O.P.D.C) both in public and among its staff always prompt many applicants to compete over employments in this company. The organizations such as Oil Companies that engage subordinates into training and development of organizational culture are likely to enjoy not only from its deep organizational consequent, but from employees self-efficacy and confidence as well. This will eventually leads to increased productivity. In this paper, we have investigated the impact of organizational reputation on personal characteristics of NIOPDC's Staff. Results demonstrated existing of a positive significant relation between internal locus of control and self-efficacy. Furthermore, we found that reputation has a reversed relation with external locus of control and also a positive relation with narcissism. Our population has been staff of NIOPDC.

Quality in service organizations takes place in the process between customer and service provider. In fact, for measuring service quality, the difference between what customers feel that they will receive and what in reality provided is measured. In this paper, using the studies of service quality attributes, five sets of quality measures were identified and these indicators or measures were then weighted through the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The Priority weights are, in turn, used in a goal-programming model to select the best set of quality control instruments for customer data collection purposes. This article proposes a way that will allow weighting (prioritizing) of a firm's unique service quality measures, considering the real world resource limitations (budget, hour, labor, etc.), and select the optimal set of service quality control instruments. The study addresses two important issues: how to incorporate and decide upon quality control measures in a service industry, and how to incorporate the AHP into the model. A case study is proposed in this article to show the application of the combined model.

Entrepreneurship makes an important contribution to the success of a country's economic development. It is main source of job creation, innovation and exploitation of new opportunities. That is why entrepreneurship has always been of great concern throughout the world. Entrepreneurship development is established by propagation of entrepreneurship culture and promotion of entrepreneurial activity levels. Instead of numerous programs to enhance entrepreneurial ethics in Iran, the number of innovative-based created businesses in Iran is lower than of global average. Identification and assessment of the various effective factors on entrepreneurship development will be useful for policy makers. In this paper, the effects of environmental factors on entrepreneurship development from Iranian entrepreneur's viewpoint have been investigated. A descriptive-survey method with a researcher-made questionnaire was utilized to collect data. The results show that from Iranian entrepreneur's point of view, personal experiment, environmental, social and cultural factors have significance effects on entrepreneurial activities.

Information processing theory suggests that knowledge structure in the long-term memory is formed as a result of education and affects all mental processes. Based on this theory, individuals who have received formal accounting training are expected to have accounting knowledge structure stored. Since accounting literature is mostly focused on the financial reporting and general accepted accounting principle (GAAP), the opportunity costs is normally ignored. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between individual accounting knowledge and degree of encountering opportunity costs in resource allocation decisions, both individually and at professional level. The results of our survey research suggest that individuals with high-accounting knowledge pay less attention to opportunity costs in resource allocation decisions at professional level in comparison to those of low-accounting knowledge. The research also indicates that at individual level, there is no significant difference between the decisions made by two groups of accountants.This study further revealed that considering opportunity costs in resource allocation decisions depends, to some extent, on the individuals’ accounting knowledge.

Today, technology is accounted as one of the most significant factors of economic and industrial development in the world. Countries use different ways and methods to facilitate technology transfer and transaction in local, national, international and global levels. Creating techno-mart as center of technology transaction is one of the advanced mechanisms for the above purpose. In Iran, technology transfer and transaction do not follow a stable and coherent system. This weakness is the main cause of many problems for technology suppliers such as; elites, state organizations, and industrial sector especially small and medium size enterprises (SMEs). In this paper technology transaction and transfer has been discussed and some cases of techno-mart in Europe and Asia have been reviewed. Then, survey research including interviews with experts from techno-mart and related fields experts (such as technology law, technology evaluation and marketing, supportive funds, etc.) were used to present a model of national techno-mart in Iran. In this model, mission and goals, different sections, ownership, internal process and techno-mart communications at national level along with necessary requirements for establishing a techno-mart environment have been described. It is derived from this study that other nation's experiences in dealing with requirements and primary infrastructures of techno-mart, is expected to lead policy makers towards a better decision making and planning.